Easy2Siksha.com
   2023
/  
 
(
 :   )
 : 3   :100
:     ,            
           
-
1. 
        
2. .         
    
    
-
3. 
             
4.             

-
Easy2Siksha.com
5. 
        
6. 
      
-
7.  
       
8.               
Easy2Siksha.com
   2023
/  
 
(
 :   )
 : 3   :100
:     ,            
           
-
1. 
        
:
     
:  


       ,         ,
,         ,      -
     
 "" ()  -       ,   , 
 ,          
  
, 
            

   

    
           
    , , , , ,       -
      
Easy2Siksha.com
  :
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔
  = 
     
 
          ,  
   
      
  :
   
 
-   
 
   
 
 , 
         
  

     

    
       ,      :
1. 
-
, , ,        
      

2. 
 
            :

 


:      
3. 
 
         , :

 

Easy2Siksha.com
 
:          
4.   
        
  :
 
 
  :
 
 

 

   
  
             ,

              
     -- 
1. 
  

               :
 



:        ,       
,              , 

    
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2.  
                
       :


 

 
:   "  "  "  "    
 ,   
      
3.   

                 
  :
  
  
  
 
:              
 , -    
     
4. 
 

               
 
:
 
(UN)



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     :
 
 
 
 
 , 
        
5.    
           
   
            
   :

 
 
 
:   ,           
     , , ,     
6. 
 

              
   
         :


 
 
:   ,   
     ,    
     
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7. 
  
          
  :
 
 



:             
 ,   
    
8. 
     
       
  :

 


:        
          
9. 
 
               
  ,  :
 

 


 
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: -19   
      
    
        ,     
   
10. - 
, 
              
 , :

 
 
 

 
:         
,       

    
        ,        :
1. 
    
    
2. -
  
     
3.     
        
4.    
      

  
    
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
 

 
  
  
   
   
  
  
    
    
     
    

     

         :
   
   
   
   
  
   
  ,              
:  ,  ,        


               ,
  ,     -    , 
 , , ,
      
             , 
  
     
        -     
  
   
           
         
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2. .         
    
    
: :   

  ,   
        
          : "     
         ,       "
      ,     
     
        ,          ,
      ,        

     
-  .            
 '  ' (1948)        
                 
          
      
1.          
             
             ,  
    ,   (     )    
 
    , 
        ;   
      
2.         
              
                 
        ,      , "   
  ?" ,    , "          ?"
3.   ,     
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           ,       
              ;      
   
               
       
4.       ,      
                   
                , 
     
  ,      ,         
  ,              

5.  
      
 
              
             ,      
      
  ,   
      "  "   , 
 :       -    
     
   
6.  
 ,                 
 
   ,          
  ,       
      : 
       
      ,           
   
,         :
       
    
    ,        
 
     
           
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                  
,     ,    :      ,  
            ,     :
            

 ,      ,  
   
        :      ,   
   ,      
       
 
       ,       
        
-
3. 
             
:
      
                 
,            ,  
     ,          
      ,           
    
   
,   :
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔
  =  
  
       
  
   

   ? (  )
 
               
,   , , ,       
 ,  
             
 , :
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





  
   
     
    :
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔
                
  :
      
      
     
  
   

    ?
    , :

 



      ,      
  :
 
     
     
      
,      
   
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
   

                 
   
         
1. 
            
  :
 


   (, )
  
 ,       
:
          
    -    
       
      
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:    
    
2.   
     :

 

 

Easy2Siksha.com
               
 
:
  
 , , 
  
 ,        
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔      
    
3. 
 
        :
()  ()
    :
 
 
 
:         
() 
     :




           
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔      
4.  
       
Easy2Siksha.com
  :





 
        :

   
    
  
:
   
    
  
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔  = 
   
5.  
       
  :


 

 
 
  :
    
   
  
     
Easy2Siksha.com
:
     
   
    
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔      
6.   
         
  :
 

 
 
    
 
    
    
:
  
 
   5
  
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔 
      
7.  
      
      
 :
   
   
    
Easy2Siksha.com
    
     
        
:
      
       
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔         
8. 
   

       ,   
 :




   
 
:   , 
    
    
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔 =    
9. 
           
  :
 



 
Easy2Siksha.com
        
:
 
 
 
       
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔   
       
10.    
         
  :





         ,   
:
   
     
  ( -, ) →   
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔      

   
         :
 
Easy2Siksha.com
  
 
 
  


 
   
  
      
  :
     
     
     
       
 
      -    
   
 
          
    :
 
 
 

 
:           
Easy2Siksha.com
 
     


   
         ,     
                , 
          - , , , , ,
, , ,    
  
      ,     ,  
 ,              
 , 
          ,    
 
     
4.             

:   
 ,        :      
  ,  -            
   ,              : "
     "
                 

    ,             
  
       ,     
   
 
,       (      )  
                
,     
    
     ,             :
:      
:           
Easy2Siksha.com
:               , 
      
 :               
   
                 
  
     ""    
1.   
     :         
,               
  ,      (  
 )      
          
                    
 
2.  
     ,         
    :   ,   ,     
  
             
             ,    
        
3.  
     ,           
                 
         
  ,   (1950)  ,  
      
                
        -  
4.  
          (  
   ) 
  ,              
Easy2Siksha.com
              
        
5.    
               
        ,        
  ()           
6. 
     
 ,    
          
              
                
  
       ,       :
                  
 
  -      ,    

           
   ,    
      
              

 ,          
   
                ,
,            ,  
                
  
    
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-
5. 
        
:󷇮󷇭
     
  , 
  ,         
,          ?       
  , , ,        
  :
            
         
           
     ,   
 
󷊆󷊇
     
                
1.     
 
         
           :


  
 
               

        :
          
        
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        
      :
       ?
    ?
      ?
    ,      
:          
  

2. 
   
, ,            - 
   
 
   
 
       :
 



            ,       
:            
 
    :
 
       
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   -    
3.   

         
:
       
       
      
       ,       
   
    :


 
 
       
4.        
,             
          
      
    :
   
 
  
  :               
    
     
   :
      ?
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         ?
          ?
5.    
          
:
   


  
  
      
 
       :
 
 
 
 
  :   
           ,  
     
    
       
6.      
                :


 
 
         
           
Easy2Siksha.com
   :
 
  
   
    

        ,    
7.       
        
 :
  
      
     
 :
   
      
           
        :          
        ?
     ,     
󷇳   
 
    ,  
      
     
   :
 
 
 
  
  :
Easy2Siksha.com
  
   
  
      
     

     
󽀼󽀽󽁀󽁁󽀾󽁂󽀿󽁃        

            
    :
   
     
   
   
    :
   
    
   
          
󷇲󷇱 
       
21  ,             
:

 
 
 



 
                

Easy2Siksha.com
:   =  
󽆪󽆫󽆬    
      
        :
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔      ,      
 
           -   
 - 
󷄧󼿒
  
           
          ,  ,  
,    ,        , 
   
     ,  ,  
 
             
 ,   
           
              ,
         ,       
   
  
6. 
       
:
     
               -
                  ,  
    
         ,   
-  (   )  ,      
           

              
           ,   
               -
          
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   
                
     -     ,    
       ,     " " 
   ""   
   ,        :
        
   (    )
          
    

  ,       ,     
 :
            
        , -    


 :        ,   
     ,      
-    
 :           
  ,            , 
 -     
 :    ,     
   ,    
      
  

             
      :
1.  
              , 
         -     
   ,    ,      
      
2.    
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               
    ,           
             
3.    
 
 
         ,  
        ,     
            
4.     
                ,
          ,  
             
   
             11 , 2001 
       
     
"   "        ,  
 ,           
     :
              ?
              
?
          ?
             -  ,   

     


         
     ,
        ,        
       ,      ,
               
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-
7.  
       
:󷇮󷇭  ?
 
 (),     
()   ,    
   
    ,   ,    
          
   193  ,        
   
    ,  
      
󷩡󷩟󷩠 
   ( )
 
          ,     
    
    ,       
   
󷄧󷄫'
  
             
         
:
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 193 
   
     
:
  (, , , )    
 
     
  
      
    
                
2󰊯   
   
       
    
 
:
15 
5   (, , , , )
10   (2    )
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              
:
      
      
     
        
,           ,      
󷄧󷄭    ()– 
                

:
54 
  
   
:
     
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      
 
 (WHO, UNESCO, UNICEF)     
         
  
         
4󰊯
  ()– 
   - ,           ,  

    
:
15 
9    
()  
:
        
 
       

     
           
Easy2Siksha.com
󷄰󷄯 
  
     
:
 ( 
 )   
   
 
    
:
 
     
      
      
      
   "  "  
6󰊯  
                 
          ,   1994  
          
󷇳 
   ( 
  )
  ,  
         
     
󹼯󹼰󹼱󹼳󹼲1. 
   
 
           :
  
   
   
  ,  
         
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󺰎󺰏󺰐󺰑󺰒󺰓󺰔󺰕󺰖󺰗󺰘󺰙󺰚2.     
 
,       
      
             
󽀼󽀽󽁀󽁁󽀾󽁂󽀿󽁃3.   
 
      :
    
  
  
           
󷊆󷊇4.    
 
     :
   
    
   ()   
   (),           
󷇮󷇭5.    
       , :
 


  
 
        
󷄧󷅟󷅠󷅡6.  
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    ,  
    :
 
 
   
 
           
󽇐 
 
 
 ,    :

 
  
   
 
   ,           
󷄧󼿒
 
 (UNO)            
,  , ECOSOC, ICJ       
              
 , ,          
     
    ,  
       (  ),
 
,             ,  
 
             
 
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8.               
:       
                
        ,       
               
  
1950           ,   - 
         ,  27    (
    )   , , ,        
      
              , 
     
          
 ,  
            
            
     
       :
 :        ,  ,    
    
 :           
 :              
    
       (19   ),   (-  
),  ,             
      ,         
  
 
:  
   ,           
              2016 ,
                   
          ,    
  
  ?
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      :
   :             
         
:          ,   

       
  :              
 
 
:      
   -  
   

    2017       50     
   ,      31 , 2020      
  ,  (    )  -      
       
  
    :
           ,   
              
  
  :             
,            ,   
    

  :     ,      
                
    
  ,               
         ,    
          ,    ,
        
        
  

        ,     , 
              ,
               
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  ,     
        , 
,        
              
       ,      